As developments in streetcar transportation make it more convenient to commute from crowded and unsanitary urban centers, middle-class families relocate to the outskirts of cities. Many wealthy urban dwellers also purchase country estates and revive an interest in the cultivation of gardens and preserving the natural landscape.

Adams, Howard. Nature Perfected: Gardens Through History, (New York: Abbeville Press, 1991).

Smithsonian Libraries. “Rolling Out the Green Carpet,” Cultivating America’s Gardens, May 31, 2019.